Anomalies

Where a client's self-declaration disagrees with what its connection actually proved at the wire. A User-Agent is a claim anyone can set; the TLS, TCP, and HTTP/2 fingerprints below are measured from the bytes. Disagreement is the classic signal of automation dressed as a browser — though VPNs, proxies, privacy tools, and shared fingerprints produce honest mismatches too, so these are leads, not verdicts. Each check scans every co-observed pairing on record (each check previews its top 50 rows — the per-check view holds up to 500).

Browser claim vs. tool fingerprint

A User-Agent claiming a mainstream browser, observed with a TLS ClientHello the JA4+ database identifies as a non-browser tool (curl, a C2 agent, a library). The TLS stack is far harder to forge convincingly than the User-Agent header.

fingerprintUser-Agentclaimswire showsconfidenceseenfirst seenlast seen
t13d190900_9dc949149365_97f8aa674fd9 Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0) AppleWebKit/537.36… User-Agent claims Chrome
JA4 identified as Sliver Agent

The TLS ClientHello is produced by the client's TLS library and is far harder to forge than a User-Agent header. This fingerprint's dominant community label is a non-browser tool, so the browser claim contradicts the wire.

Full User-AgentMozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/106.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Label distributionSliver Agent
Confidencehigh — repeated co-occurrence
high 26 2026-06-16 2026-09-14
t13d190900_9dc949149365_97f8aa674fd9 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; LIO-AN00 Build/H… User-Agent claims Chrome
JA4 identified as Sliver Agent

The TLS ClientHello is produced by the client's TLS library and is far harder to forge than a User-Agent header. This fingerprint's dominant community label is a non-browser tool, so the browser claim contradicts the wire.

Full User-AgentMozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; LIO-AN00 Build/HUAWEILIO-AN00; wv) MicroMessenger Weixin QQ AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Chrome/78.0.3904.62 XWEB/2692 MMWEBSDK/200901 Mobile Safari/537.36
Label distributionSliver Agent
Confidencehigh — repeated co-occurrence
high 6 2026-06-17 2026-09-12

Browser claim vs. measured captures

A User-Agent claiming a browser the catalog has measured, at a version inside the measured range, whose TLS fingerprint is consistent with none of this site's controlled captures of that browser. Where the check above leans on an external label, this one is grounded in measurement. The comparison is layered: a fingerprint differing from a capture only in handshake-variant extensions (session resumption, 0-RTT, session tickets, padding) counts as consistent and is not shown; a differing cipher list is the stronger lead (medium); matching ciphers with a differing extension or signature-algorithm set is weaker (low) — most often a field-trial, ECH, or build variant not yet captured. It sharpens as catalog coverage broadens.

fingerprintUser-Agentclaimswire showsconfidenceseenfirst seenlast seen
No browser-vs-capture inconsistencies at high confidence in this window.

OS claim vs. TCP stack

A User-Agent's claimed operating system against the initial TTL of its TCP SYN. An initial TTL of 64 is Unix-like (Linux, macOS, iOS, Android, BSD); 128 is Windows. A "Windows" User-Agent arriving on a TTL-64 stack — or vice versa — is inconsistent, subject to the proxy/NAT caveats above.

fingerprintUser-Agentclaimswire showsconfidenceseenfirst seenlast seen
No OS-vs-TCP inconsistencies at high confidence in this window.

Bot claim vs. operator-published verification

A User-Agent declaring a major bot — a search or AI crawler or a user-triggered fetcher — observed from an IP outside the ranges that operator publishes for it, or inside a different operator's ranges, and confirmed by no other channel the operator publishes. Unlike the checks above, this is not a wire-vs-claim contradiction: it is the self-declared identity against the operator's own published verification channels — its crawler IP list and, where the operator documents one, forward-confirmed reverse DNS; either channel alone identifies. An IP no channel vouches for, arriving under a bot's name, is almost always an impersonator — scrapers spoof crawlers to dodge rate limits and earn crawler treatment. One exception is worded on its rows: operators that publish only their network rather than crawler ranges (Meta) — an outside-network claim there is an unverified anomaly, not proof of spoofing, unless the IP sits inside another operator's published crawler range. Claims one channel confirms while the other denies are identified, listed as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not here; the fully consistent side appears as identified on the fingerprint page.

User-Agentclaimsfrom networkverification showsconfidenceseenfirst seenlast seen
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Applebot/0.1; +http://w… Applebot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Applebot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Applebot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Applebot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerApplebot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 67 2026-07-18 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… ClaudeBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside ClaudeBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims ClaudeBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges ClaudeBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerClaudeBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 27 2026-08-03 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Perplexity-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Perplexity-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Perplexity-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Perplexity-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherPerplexity-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 26 2026-07-18 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 24 2026-08-03 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Amazonbot/0.1; +https:/… Amazonbot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 23 2026-07-18 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; PerplexityBot/1.0; +htt… PerplexityBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside PerplexityBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims PerplexityBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges PerplexityBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerPerplexityBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 23 2026-08-03 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Perplexity-User/1.0; +h… Perplexity-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Perplexity-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Perplexity-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Perplexity-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherPerplexity-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 22 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Amzn-SearchBot/1.0; +ht… Amzn-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amzn-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amzn-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amzn-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmzn-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 19 2026-07-18 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.3; +htt… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 18 2026-08-03 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Perplexity-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Perplexity-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Perplexity-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Perplexity-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherPerplexity-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 15 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudeb… ClaudeBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside ClaudeBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims ClaudeBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges ClaudeBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerClaudeBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 15 2026-08-03 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Amazonbot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 15 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 14 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… PerplexityBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside PerplexityBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims PerplexityBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges PerplexityBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerPerplexityBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 14 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; GPTBot/1.2; +https://op… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 13 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Applebot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Applebot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Applebot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Applebot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerApplebot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 12 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 10 2026-08-30 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; GPTBot/1.4; +https://op… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 10 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Amzn-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amzn-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amzn-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amzn-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmzn-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 10 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Applebot/0.1; +http://w… Applebot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside Applebot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Applebot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Applebot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerApplebot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 9 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 9 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; DuckDuckBot/1.1; +http:… DuckDuckBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside DuckDuckBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims DuckDuckBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges DuckDuckBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerDuckDuckBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 8 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://ww… Bingbot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside Bingbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Bingbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Bingbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerBingbot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 8 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.3; +htt… OAI-SearchBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 8 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 8 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://… YandexBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Reverse DNS check failed

This User-Agent claims YandexBot. No usable published-range snapshot covered the claim at ingest, and the reverse-DNS check the operator documents completed without confirming it — no PTR record, no name in the operator's rDNS space, or a name that failed forward confirmation. With no operator-published channel vouching for the IP, this is an impersonation signal.

Claimed crawlerYandexBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-08-04 2026-09-12
CCBot/2.0 (https://commoncrawl.org/faq/) CCBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside CCBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims CCBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges CCBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerCCBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… PerplexityBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside PerplexityBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims PerplexityBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges PerplexityBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerPerplexityBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-07-18 2026-09-11
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.4; robo… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Applebot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Applebot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Applebot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Applebot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerApplebot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-08-25 2026-09-14
DuckAssistBot/1.1 (https://duckduckgo.com/duckas… DuckAssistBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside DuckAssistBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims DuckAssistBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges DuckAssistBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerDuckAssistBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 7 2026-09-11 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 6 2026-08-29 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 6 2026-08-28 2026-09-15
CCBot/2.0 (https://commoncrawl.org/faq/) CCBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside CCBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims CCBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges CCBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerCCBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-07-18 2026-09-13
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Amzn-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amzn-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amzn-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amzn-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmzn-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-08-28 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Amazonbot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-09-08 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-08-25 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-07-18 2026-09-13
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… OAI-SearchBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside OAI-SearchBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims OAI-SearchBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges OAI-SearchBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerOAI-SearchBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 5 2026-09-13 2026-09-13
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MistralAI-User/1.0; +ht… MistralAI-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside MistralAI-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims MistralAI-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges MistralAI-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherMistralAI-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 4 2026-09-11 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Amazonbot/0.1; +https:/… Amazonbot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 4 2026-08-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; PerplexityBot/1.0; +htt… PerplexityBot AS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Outside PerplexityBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims PerplexityBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges PerplexityBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerPerplexityBot
NetworkAS41608 NextGenWebs, S.L.
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 4 2026-07-04 2026-09-12
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) … Applebot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Applebot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Applebot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Applebot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerApplebot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 3 2026-09-13 2026-09-13
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… Perplexity-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Perplexity-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Perplexity-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Perplexity-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherPerplexity-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 3 2026-09-13 2026-09-13
Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_5 like Mac… Amazonbot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 2 2026-09-14 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 2 2026-09-12 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 14_5) App… Perplexity-User AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Perplexity-User's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Perplexity-User, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Perplexity-User publishes for its fetcher, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed fetcherPerplexity-User
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 2 2026-09-08 2026-09-14
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.… PerplexityBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside PerplexityBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims PerplexityBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges PerplexityBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerPerplexityBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 1 2026-09-10 2026-09-10
Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 16_4 like Mac… GPTBot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside GPTBot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims GPTBot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges GPTBot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerGPTBot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 1 2026-09-15 2026-09-15
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) … Amazonbot AS396982 Google LLC
Outside Amazonbot's published ranges

This User-Agent claims Amazonbot, but the connection's IP is outside the ranges Amazonbot publishes for its crawler, and no other operator-published channel confirms it. An IP no channel vouches for is almost always an impersonator — honest exceptions (a brand-new range not yet in our snapshot, or a proxy relaying a real fetch) are rare, and claims the operator's reverse DNS does confirm are excluded here (they surface as publication disagreements on the operator's page, not as impersonations).

Claimed crawlerAmazonbot
NetworkAS396982 Google LLC
Confidencehigh — the operator publishes how to verify its fleet and no published channel vouches for this IP
high 1 2026-09-15 2026-09-15

showing 50 of 95 — view all →

How confidence is assigned